Britain has experienced successive waves of migration. Great Famine Irish immigrants brought huge waves More than 120,000 Polish veterans settled in England after World War II, can not return home. In the 20th century occurred significant immigration from former colonies and newly independent colonies, driven by post-World War II labor shortages. Many of the migrants came from the Caribbean and the Indian subcontinent.
In 2010, there were 7.0 million foreign-born residents in Britain, according to 11.3% of the total population. Of these, 4.76 million (7.7%) were born outside the EU and 2.24 million (3.6%) were born in the EU Member States. The proportion of foreign-born people in Britain are still slightly below that several other European countries, although immigration has contributed to rising population, accounting for about half of the increase in population between 1991 and 2001. Analysis of Data Office for National Statistics show that 2.3 million net migrants moved to England in the period 1991-2006. In 2008, predicted that the migration will add 7 million UK population by 2031, although the figures are disputed . Based on the Office for National Statistics (ONS), net migration to 12 months in 2010 jumped 21 percent to 239 000 from 2009. Immigration in 2010 was 575 000, or relatively stable since 2004, while the number of people leaving Britain to live abroad for more than 12 months only 336 000.
195 046 foreign nationals became British citizen in 2010, compared with 54 902 in 1999. [318] [319] A record 241 192 people are given the right of permanent settlement in 2010, of which 51 per cent came from Asia and 27 percent of Africa [320] 24.7 percent of babies born in England and Wales in 2009. born to mothers who were born outside the UK, according to official statistics released in 2010.
At least 5.5 million British-born people living abroad, four of a destination Australia, Spain, the United States and Canada . Emigration is an important feature of British society in the 19th century. Between 1815 and 1930 about 11.4 million people emigrated from the UK and 7.3 million from Ireland. Estimates show that at the end of the 20th century some 300 million people are descendants of British and Irish settled permanently around the world.
EU citizens have the right to live and work in each member state, including the UK. Transitional arrangements apply to Romania and Bulgaria, whose country joined the EU in January 2007. Research conducted by the Migration Policy Institute for the Equality and Human Rights Commission shows that, between May 2004 and September 2009, 1.5 million workers migrated from the new EU members to the UK, two thirds of them Poles, but that many since returning home, resulting in a net increase in the number of citizens of new member states in the United Kingdom from some 700 000 over the period . end of the 2000s recession in the UK to reduce the economic incentive for Poles to migrate to the UK, to be temporary and circular migration. In 2009, for the first time since enlargement, citizens of more than eight Central and Eastern European countries that joined the European Union in 2004 left Britain than arrived.
The British government today introduced a points-based immigration system for immigration from outside the European Economic Area that will replace the existing scheme, including the Fresh Talent Initiative Scottish Government In June of 2010. Conservative-Liberal coalition government Democrats introduced a temporary cap on immigration of those entering Britain from outside the EU, with limits set at 24100, which is expected to stop the rush of applications before the permanent cap imposed in April 2011. hat has caused tension within the coalition: the business secretary Vince Cable argues that it is detrimental to the business English .
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